It is now standard obstetric practice to screen all pregnant patients at or around 36 weeks gestation for GBS. GBS is bacteria carried in the bowel of 10-30 percent of all women. It is not pathologic to the carrier although it can be harmful to a baby. GBS can cause a sepsis syndrome that can be life-threatening to a newborn. Thus, all carriers are treated with IV antibiotic while in labor. There is no use in treating at any other time. Of note, neonates affected by GBS sepsis are infrequent; therefore, if no test results are available, it is acceptable to treat patients based on risk factors. These risk factors include: preterm, prolonged rupture of membranes, maternal fever, history of previous GBS affected baby and GBS UTI during pregnancy.